Serum Lipid Profile of Adrenaline-induced Hypertensive Rats Administered with Aqueous Extract of Arachis hypogeal Testa
A. Y. Kabiru *
Department of Biochemistry, Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
B. I. Muhammad
Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida Specialist Hospital, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
M. H. Garba
Department of Animal Production Technology, Federal College of Wildlife Management, P.M.B. 268, New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria
M. M. Ndamitso
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
Y. Garba
Department of Biological Sciences, Federal College of Education, P.M.B. 39, Kontagora, Niger State, Nigeria
F. M. Madaki
Department of Biochemistry, Malaria and Trypanosomiasis Research Unit, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 65, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally. Dyslipidemia is an index of hypertension that has also been identified as a risk factor in the development of coronary heart diseases.
Aim: This research set to investigate the potency; validate the traditional claim on the use Arachi hypogeal testa in the management of hypertension in experimental rats.
Methodology: Thirty Albino Wister rats were grouped into six of five rats each. Hypertension was induced in Groups I to V animals by administering them with 0.1ml adrenaline intraperitoneally for six consecutive days. The rats in groups I to III were administered 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg body weight of Arachis hypogea testa extract respectively for seven days. Group IV was treated with a standard hypotensive drug – Propanolol, to serve as positive control, while rats in Group V were administered normal saline to serve as negative control and group VI rats were not induced with adrenaline but administered normal saline as placebo.
Results: The extract at a dose of 800 mg/kg body weight exhibited a significant effect on hypertensive rats compared to the standard drug-Propanolol in correcting the dyslipidemia caused by adrenaline - induced hypertension after seven days of treatment. There were significant increases in total cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterol, and Triglyceride levels in the group treated with 800 mg/kg body weight and the drug (P = 0.05), while the LDL-Cholesterol level for animals in the same groups were significantly lowered (P= 0.05) compared to the higher values obtained for the induced, untreated control group.
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated the ability of the aqueous extract of A. hypogea testa to significantly decrease LDL-cholesterol and increase HDL-cholesterol concomitantly in adrenaline-induced hypertensive rats, thus justifying its use in Nigerian traditional medical practice to manage hypertension.
Keywords: Hypertension, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Arachis hypogeal, dyslipidemia