Effect of Methanolic Extract of Caryota no Seed on Geotactic Behaviour and Fecundity in Drosophila melanogaster
Chinonye A. Maduagwuna *
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria. and Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
Simeon Omale
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria. and African Centre of Excellence for Phytomedicine Research and Development, University of Jos, Jos Plateau State, Nigeria.
Monday A. Etuh
African Centre of Excellence for Phytomedicine Research and Development, University of Jos, Jos Plateau State, Nigeria.
Steven S. Gyang
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To investigate the effect of the methanolic extracts of Caryota no (CN) seeds negative geotaxis, fecundity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using Drosophila melanogaster (DM). Study Design: Experimental design.
Place and Duration: Sample: African Centre of Excellence for Phytomedicine Research and Development, University of Jos, Jos Plateau State Nigeria between June 2018 and February 2019 Methodology: 50 flies were exposed in each vial to the following concentrations: 300 mg, 350 mg, 400 mg, 500 mg and 600 mg of methanolic extracts in 5 replicates for 7 days with daily recording of mortality. Total protein assays were carried out by Randox method from the supernatant from homogenized whole flies. In vivo antioxidant activity study was conducted by measuring level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity from supernatants of whole fly homogenates using a spectrophotometer at specific wavelengths over a 2 minute duration. The values were derived as part of the total protein value. Negative geotaxis was done by the climbing assay and fecundity was examined by rate of emergence of larva after exposure of the flies to treatment. The statistical difference among test groups was presumed at P < .05.
Results: The methanolic extract of CN caused nonsignificant (P = .33) decrease in total protein levels compared to the control. There were also nonsignificant decreases in AChE (P = .30) activity, negative geotactic (P = .80) behaviour and nonsignificant increase in fecundity (P = .17) in the methanolic extract-treated flies compared to the controls.
Conclusion: It can therefore be concluded that the methanolic extract of Caryota no nonsignificantly improved fertitity and reduced negative geotaxis and AChE activity in DM.
Keywords: In vivo, caryota drosophila melanogaster, fecundity, geotaxis.