Public Health Impact of Environmental Pollution in Areas with Gas Flares
Nkemdilim I. Obi
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University Australia and National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency, Nigeria.
Phillip T. Bwititi
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University Australia.
Ezekiel U. Nwose *
School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University Australia and Department of Public and Community Health, Novena University, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: A variety of pollutants are discharged during gas flaring and these are detrimental to animals and the environment. These pollutants are linked to a range of adverse health impacts including cancer, neurological, reproductive and developmental effects. Furthermore, some of the pollutants such as sulphur dioxide cause environmental issues including acid rain as well as the production of greenhouse gases and this contributes to climate change. This article evaluates the public health impact of environmental pollution in areas with gas flares.
Methodology: This research followed a mixed method approach of quantitative and qualitative analysis. Descriptive statistics were followed with frequency distribution of respondents to the Likert scaled questions. The nominal knowledge level of respondents was determined from their Likert scaled responses to questions. ANOVA comparisons were made between the subgroups of demographic factors to determine differences in knowledge level. MANOVA was also carried out to determine the influence of educational and social levels as well as duration of stay in the community.
Outcome: Evaluation of the nominal knowledge level of respondents determined from Likert scale shows no statistically significant differences between demographic subgroups. Further, ANOVA of nominal knowledge between educational subgroups shows gradient increase but no statistical difference.
Conclusion: The community has knowledge on the negative impact of gas flaring. This report increases understanding of community awareness about the effects of gas flares on the environment and health.
Keywords: Community awareness, gas flare, human health, negative impact, Niger Delta