Review on Pharmacological Action and Therapeutic Uses of Balchar (Nardostachys jatamansi DC): Unani Perspective
Mehwish Ayoub Khan *
Department of Moalajat, Regional Research institute of Unani Medicine, Habbak Srinagar, J&K- 190006 India.
Mohammed Sheeraz Mushtaque Ahmed
Department of Moalajat Regional Research institute of Unani Medicine, Habbak Srinagar, J&K- 190006 India.
Sumeena
Department of Moalajat, Regional Research institute of Unani Medicine, Habbak Srinagar, J&K- 190006 India.
Syed Farhanda Farooq
Department of Moalajat, Regional Research institute of Unani Medicine, Habbak Srinagar, J&K- 190006 India.
Uzma Jan
Department of Ilmul Advia, Regional Research institute of Unani Medicine, Habbak Srinagar, J&K- 190006 India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Nardostachys jatamansi DC, commonly referred to as 'Balchar', is a perennial herb within the Valerianaceae family, locally known as "Jatamansi" or "Sumbul-ut-teeb". This species is indigenous to the Himalayan Mountain range, with its habitat extending across China, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Myanmar, thriving at elevations between 3,000 and 5,000 meters. The roots of Nardostachys jatamansi are utilized in traditional Unani medicine for the treatment of various ailments, including hepatitis, inflammation, and obstructions. The genus Nardostachys, particularly Nardostachys jatamansi, is rich in phytoconstituents such as actinidine, angelicin, jatamansin, jatamansone, and jatamansinol. Extensive pharmacological research has demonstrated the plant's antilithiatic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cognitive-enhancing, cardioprotective, hypolipidemic, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antiandrogenic, and antibacterial properties. This review aims to elucidate the therapeutic applications of Nardostachys jatamansi, drawing on traditional Unani medicine and contemporary scientific investigations.
Keywords: Nardostachys jatamansi DC, Balchar, hepatoprotective, Sumbul-u-tteeb, Unani medicine